Izicelo Biomedical of Polyurethanes

Ama-polyurethanes asetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-biomedical njengesikhumba sokwenziwa, okokulala esibhedlela, amashubhu e-dialysis, izingxenye ze-pacemaker, ama-catheter, nezingubo zokuhlinzwa.I-biocompatibility, izakhiwo zemishini, kanye nezindleko eziphansi yizici ezinkulu empumelelweni ye-polyurethanes emkhakheni wezokwelapha.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimila ngokuvamile kudinga okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezingxenye ze-biobased, ngoba umzimba uyawenqaba kancane.Endabeni ye-polyurethanes, i-biocomponent ingahluka kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-70%, okudala ububanzi obubanzi bokusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinjalo (2).Ama-biobased polyurethanes andisa isabelo sawo semakethe futhi kulindeleke ukuthi afinyelele cishe ezigidini ezingama-$42 ngo-2022, okuyiphesenti elincane lemakethe ye-polyurethane iyonke (ngaphansi kuka-0.1%).Noma kunjalo, iyindawo ethembisayo, futhi ucwaningo olunzulu lusaqhubeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziningi ezisekelwe ku-bio-based kuma-polyurethanes.Ukuthuthukiswa kuyadingeka ezimpahleni ze-biobased polyurethanes ukuze kufane nezidingo ezikhona, ukuze kukhuliswe ukutshalwa kwezimali.

I-Biobased crystalline polyurethane yahlanganiswa ngokusabela kwe-PCL, i-HMDI, namanzi adlala indima ye-chain extender (33).Ukuhlolwa kokuwohloka kwenziwa ukuze kufundwe ukuzinza kwe-biopolyurethane oketshezini olulingiswayo lomzimba, njengengxube ye-phosphate-buffered saline.Izinguquko

ezindaweni ezishisayo, zemishini, nezomzimba zahlaziywa futhi zaqhathaniswa nezilinganayo

i-polyurethane etholakala ngokusebenzisa i-ethylene glycol njenge-chain extender esikhundleni samanzi.Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-polyurethane etholwe kusetshenziswa amanzi njenge-chain extender yethula izakhiwo ezingcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma iqhathaniswa nokulingana kwayo ne-petrochemical.Lokhu akunciphi kakhulu kuphela

izindleko zenqubo, kodwa futhi inikeza umzila olula wokuthola izinto zokwelapha ezinenani elikhulu ezifanele ama-endoprostheses ahlangene (33).Lokhu kwalandelwa enye indlela esekelwe kulo mqondo, eyahlanganisa i-biopolyurethane urea ngokusebenzisa i-polyol esekelwe kuwoyela we-rapeseed, i-PCL, i-HMDI, kanye namanzi njenge-chain extender (6).Ukwandisa indawo engaphezulu, i-sodium chlorine yasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa i-porosity yama-polymers alungisiwe.I-polymer ehlanganisiwe yayisetshenziswa njenge-scaffold ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esinezimbotshana ukuze ikhuthaze ukukhula kweseli kwezicubu zethambo.Ngemiphumela efanayo uma kuqhathaniswa

esibonelweni sangaphambilini, i-polyurethane evezwe oketshezini olulingiswayo lomzimba yethule ukuzinza okuphezulu, ihlinzeka ngenketho esebenzayo yokufakwa kwe-scaffold.Ama-polyurethane ionomers angelinye ikilasi elithakazelisayo lama-polymers asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-biomedical, ngenxa yokuvumelana kwawo kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokusebenzelana okufanele nendawo yomzimba.I-polyurethane ionomers ingasetshenziswa njengezingxenye zeshubhu kuma-pacemaker kanye ne-hemodialysis (34, 35).

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo olusebenzayo lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa kuyindawo yocwaningo ebalulekile okwamanje egxile ekutholeni izindlela zokubhekana nomdlavuza.I-amphiphilic nanoparticle ye-polyurethane esekelwe ku-L-lysine yalungiselelwa ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa (36).Lokhu nanocarrier

ilayishwe ngempumelelo i-doxorubicin, okuwumuthi wokwelapha osebenzayo wamangqamuzana omdlavuza (Umfanekiso 16).Izingxenye ze-hydrophobic ze-polyurethane zihlangene nomuthi, futhi izingxenye ze-hydrophilic zisebenzisana namaseli.Lolu hlelo ludale isakhiwo segobolondo eliwumgogodla ngokuzihlanganisa

indlela futhi yakwazi ukuletha izidakamizwa ngempumelelo ngemizila emibili.Okokuqala, impendulo eshisayo ye-nanoparticle isebenze njengesiqalo ekukhipheni umuthi ekushiseni kweseli lomdlavuza (~41-43 °C), okuyimpendulo engaphandle kweseli.Okwesibili, izingxenye ze-aliphatic ze-polyurethane zahlupheka

i-enzymatic biodegradation ngesenzo sama-lysosomes, okuvumela ukuthi i-doxorubicin ikhishwe ngaphakathi kweseli lomdlavuza;lokhu kuyimpendulo ye-intracellular.Ngaphezu kuka-90% wamangqamuzana omdlavuza webele abulawa, kuyilapho i-cytotoxicity ephansi igcinwe kumaseli anempilo.

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Umfanekiso 16. Uhlelo lulonke lwesistimu yokulethwa kwezidakamizwa esekelwe ku-amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticle

ukukhomba amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ikhiqizwe kabusha ngemvume evela kunkomba(36).Copyright 2019 American Chemical

Umphakathi.

Isimemezelo:Isihloko sicashunwe kusoIsingeniso sePolyurethane ChemistryFelipe M. de Souza, 1 Pawan K. Kahol, 2 kanye noRam K.Gupta *,1.Ukuxhumana nokufunda kuphela, ungenzi ezinye izinjongo zezohwebo, akumele imibono nemibono yenkampani, uma udinga ukuphrinta kabusha, sicela uxhumane nomlobi wokuqala, uma kukhona ukwephulwa, sicela usithinte ngokushesha ukuze wenze ukucubungula ukususa.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-04-2022